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The amyloid precursor protein APP is a membrane
2022-05-07

The amyloid precursor protein (APP) is a membrane protein thought to be involved in plasticity, synapse formation and repair, and export of metal ions [68]. The APP present in the brain can be cleaved by three different secretases [73], [74]. Cleavage of APP first by alpha secretase and then gamma-s
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In experiments using D to displace binding
2022-05-07

In experiments using D22 to displace binding of specific high-affinity radioligands for DAT, NET, and SERT in mouse Y 134 tissue, we observed a ranking with D22 displacement efficiency in the order of DAT > SERT > NET (IC50 values being ~ 11 (DAT), 26 (SERT), and 101 (NET) µM; Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig.
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br Acknowledgment br Introduction Positive and
2022-05-07

Acknowledgment Introduction Positive and negative reinforcement are known as the two pivotal components in various models of drug dependence. Compulsive drug seeking behavior results from both the euphoric effects of drug use (positive reinforcement) and the unpleasant withdrawal signs followi
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Limitations of our study are the following we did not
2022-05-07

Limitations of our study are the following: we did not measure central energy metabolism in parallel, so we can only hypothesize that GLUT1 hypermethylation may be associated with alterations in central glucose metabolism. We did not measure GLUT1/GLUT4 gene expression or glucose uptake, so that we
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ezh2 pathway br Conclusion br Conflict of
2022-05-07

Conclusion Conflict-of-Interest JJH has collaborated with several different pharmaceutical companies during the last 30 years; is currently receiving speaker honoraria from NovoNordisk and MSD and is on advisory boards for NovoNordisk. The author is currently supported by an independent grant
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Colorectal cancer CRC is the third
2022-05-07

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in men and the second in women worldwide and almost 55% of the cases occur in more developed areas of the world. In the 2012, more than 1.3 million new cases were reported, which accounts for about 10% of the total cancers worldwide (GLOBOCAN,
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Studies of human and mouse GPR as ascertained by mRNA
2022-05-07

Studies of human and mouse GPR84, as ascertained by mRNA levels in various tissues, have determined that GPR84 is highly expressed on bone marrow cells, splenic T and B cells, and circulating granulocytes/monocytes/macrophages. In the latter cells, mRNA expression of is up-regulated only under infl
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PLX7904 mg br Visualizing single synaptic vesicle exocytosis
2022-05-06

Visualizing single synaptic vesicle PLX7904 mg at CNS synapses We visualized the dynamics of individual synaptic vesicles as they fuse and immediately before fusion at the mammalian conventional synapses for the first time (Midorikawa and Sakaba, 2015). We use a calyx of Held terminal, a large pr
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br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion This
2022-05-06

Materials and methods Results Discussion This was the first large study to quantify both total HIV DNA and integrated HIV DNA, which is the main persistent form of HIV [25,26], in samples collected during PHI, chronic infection, and at various time points until the AIDS stage, which was mad
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At baseline Hdc KO mice have alterations in the examined
2022-05-06

At baseline, Hdc-KO mice have alterations in the examined signaling cascades that resemble those seen in WT mice after RAMH challenge. Specifically, Carbamazepine of MSK1 at T581 and of rpS6 ad S235/236 are elevated in dMSNs to a similar extent after saline in KO mice and after RAMH challenge in WT
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9-AC australia br Conclusion Our data allow pharmacological
2022-05-06

Conclusion Our data allow pharmacological discrimination of diverse of H3 9-AC australia antagonists that can be linked to their differential efficacy in preclinical and clinical disease settings (Fig. 6). Moreover, we identify the sigma-1 receptor as a common “off target” for H3 antagonists, an
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br Results br Discussion In this study we
2022-05-06

Results Discussion In this study, we found that ZNF280A was elevated in CRC tissues and a high expression of ZNF280A correlated with advanced clinicopathological features, poor prognosis, and disease progression in CRC patients. Furthermore, silencing ZNF280A attenuated proliferation and inhib
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It is difficult however to assure
2022-05-06

It is difficult, however, to assure that observed alterations of pro-oxidant/antioxidant levels within the studied organisms are related directly to heavy metal pollution, rather than to other accompanying environmental stressors. Environmental factors like oxygen partial pressure, temperature, sali
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Receptor guanylyl cyclases play essential roles in cardiovas
2022-05-06

Receptor guanylyl cyclases play essential roles in cardiovascular and gastrointestinal (patho-)physiology, reproduction biology, cell proliferation, bone growth and sensory signal transduction and, therefore, are important pharmacological targets. Accordingly, the receptor guanylyl cyclase agonists
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In summary we obtained and type
2022-05-06

In summary, we obtained - and -type of linaclotide by protein chemical synthesis and acquired the X-ray crystal structure of linaclotide for the first time through racemic crystallization technique. The structure of linaclotide forms a compact spatial structure containing three- turns through three
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